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细胞分选
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=== 2. CFSE荧光染料 === 荧光染料CFSE or CFDA SE,5,6- carboxyfluorescein diacetate,succinimidyl ester,即羟基荧光素二醋酸盐琥珀酰亚胺脂,是一种可穿透细胞膜的荧光染料,具有与细胞特异性结合的琥珀酰亚胺脂基团和具有非酶促水解作用的羟基荧光素二醋酸盐基团,这使得 CFSE 成为一种良好的细胞标记物。当CFSE以含有两个乙酸基团和一个succinimidyl ester功能基团的形式存在时,不具有荧光性质,而具有细胞膜通透性,能够自由进入细胞;而当其扩散进入细胞内环境,内源的酯酶可将其乙酸基团水解,此种形式的CFSE分子具有很高的荧光活性,被激发能够产生绿色荧光,却不再具有膜通透性;同时,其含有的succinimidyl ester基团能与胞内的细胞骨架蛋白中的游离胺基反应,最终形成具有荧光的蛋白加合物。因此,当细胞进行分裂增殖时,具有荧光的胞质蛋白被平均分配到第二代细胞中,这样与第一代细胞相比,其荧光强度便会减弱至一半;以此类推,分裂得到的第三代细胞的荧光强度便会比第二代细胞再次减弱。这种现象可以在488nm的激发光下,采用流式细胞仪检测分析,通过检测到细胞荧光强度不断的降低,进一步分析得出细胞分裂增殖的情况。
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